Lab 05: Implement Intersite Connectivity

Connectivity between different vNets using peering and custom routes and Network Watcher for troubleshooting.

Scenario: Your organization has segmented its IT infrastructure. Core services (like DNS) are in one VNet, and manufacturing systems are in another. You need to enable secure communication between these VNets.

Interactive Lab Simulations:

Global Virtual Network Peering: Connect two Azure virtual networks and test VM connections.
Monitoring vNets: Use Azure Network Watcher, flow logs, NSG diagnostics, and packet capture.
Intersite Connectivity: Create a virtual network infrastructure, configure peerings, and test connections.

Key Concepts:

VNet Peering: Connects two Azure VNets, Traffic uses the Microsoft backbone.
User-Defined Routes (UDRs): Custom routes that override Azure's default system routes.
Network Watcher: A suite of tools for monitoring and diagnosing network issues in Azure.
Virtual Network Appliance (NVA): A virtual machine that performs network functions, such as a firewall or router. (This lab sets up the route for an NVA, but doesn't deploy the NVA itself.)

Job skills

Task 1: Create a virtual machine in a virtual network.
Task 2: Create a virtual machine in a different virtual network.
Task 3: Use Network Watcher to test the connection between virtual machines.
Task 4: Configure virtual network peerings between different virtual networks.
Task 5: Use Azure PowerShell to test the connection between virtual machines.
Task 6: Create a custom route.

Lab 05 architecture diagram

Task 1: Create Core Services VM and VNet

Sign In: Log in to the Azure portal (https://portal.azure.com) and Create a VM:
- - Virtual machine name: CoreServicesVM
    - Public inbound ports: None
    - Virtual network: Click "Create new."
      - Name: CoreServicesVnet
      - Address range: 10.0.0.0/16
      - Subnet Name: Core
      - Subnet address range: 10.0.0.0/24
- Monitoring:
  - Boot diagnostics: Disable

Task 2: Create Manufacturing VM and VNet

Create VM:
- - Virtual machine name: ManufacturingVM
    - Public inbound ports: None
    - Virtual network: Click "Create new."
      - Name: ManufacturingVnet
      - Address range: 172.16.0.0/16
      - Subnet Name: Manufacturing
      - Subnet address range: 172.16.0.0/24
- Monitoring:
  - Boot diagnostics: Disable

Task 3: Test Connectivity (Network Watcher)

Open Network Watcher: Search for and select "Network Watcher."
Connection Troubleshoot:under "Network diagnostic tools," select "Connection troubleshoot."
- Source:
  - Source type: Virtual machine
  - Virtual machine: CoreServicesVM
- Destination:
  - Destination type: Virtual machine
  - Virtual machine: ManufacturingVM
- Configuration:
  - Preferred IP Version: Both
  - Protocol: TCP
  - Destination port: 3389
  - Source port: (Leave blank)
  - Use default Diagnostic tests.
- Click "Run diagnostic tests."
Observe Results: a Connectivity test status of Unreachable as the VNets are not yet connected.

Task 4: Configure VNet Peering

Open CoreServicesVnet: In the portal, search for and select CoreServicesVnet.
Create Peering:
- Under "Settings," select "Peerings" and Click "+ Add."
- This virtual network:
  - Peering link name: CoreServicesVnet-to-ManufacturingVnet
  - Allow ManufacturingVnet to access CoreServicesVnet: selected (default)
  - Allow ManufacturingVnet to receive forwarded traffic from CoreServicesVnet: selected
- Remote virtual network:
  - Virtual network deployment model: Resource Manager
  - I know my resource ID: Unchecked
  - Peering Link Name: ManufacturingVnet-to-CoreServicesVnet
  - Virtual Network: Select ManufacturingVnet (az104-rg5)
  - Allow CoreServicesVnet to access the peered virtual network: selected (default)
  - Allow CoreservicesVnet to receive forwarded traffic from the peered virtual network: selected
- Click "Add."
Verify Peering (Both VNets):
- In CoreServicesVnet -> "Peerings," ensure the status of CoreServicesVnet-to-ManufacturingVnet is Connected. Refresh if needed.
- Go to ManufacturingVnet -> "Peerings," and ensure the status of ManufacturingVnet-to-CoreServicesVnet is Connected. Refresh if needed.

Task 5: Test Connectivity (PowerShell) - (5 minutes)

Get CoreServicesVM Private IP:
- Go to the CoreServicesVM resource.
- On the "Overview" blade, note the Private IP address.
Run Command on ManufacturingVM:
- Go to the ManufacturingVM resource.
- Under "Operations," select "Run command."
- Choose "RunPowerShellScript."
- Enter the following command, replacing <CoreServicesVM private IP address> with the actual IP:
  
  PowerShell
```
  Test-NetConnection <CoreServicesVM private IP address> -port 3389
```
- Click "Run."
Observe Results: The command will take a few minutes. This time, the TcpTestSucceeded result should be True, indicating successful connectivity over the VNet peering.

Task 6: Create a Custom Route

Add Perimeter Subnet:
- Go to CoreServicesVnet.
- Under "Settings," select "Subnets."
- Click "+ Subnet."
- Name: perimeter
- Subnet address range: 10.0.1.0/24
- Click "Save."
Create Route Table:
- Search for and select "Route tables" and click "Create."
- Name: rt-CoreServices
- Propagate gateway routes: No

Create Route:
- In the route table (rt-CoreServices), under "Settings," select "Routes." and click "+ Add."
  - Route name: PerimetertoCore
  - Destination type: IP Addresses
  - Destination IP addresses/CIDR ranges: 10.0.0.0/16 (This is the CoreServicesVnet address space)
  - Next hop type: Virtual appliance
  - Next hop address: 10.0.1.7 (This is a placeholder for a future NVA's IP address)
Associate Route with Subnet:
- In the route table (rt-CoreServices), under "Settings," select "Subnets."
- Click "+ Associate."
  - Virtual network: CoreServicesVnet
  - Subnet: Core
- Click "OK."

Lab 05: Implement Intersite Connectivity

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